Climate Status and Outlook

Denmark’s Climate Status and Outlook report, mandated annually under the Danish Climate Act, evaluates progress toward the country’s statutory greenhouse gas reduction targets of 50–54% by 2025 and 70% by 2030 (relative to 1990 levels). The 2023 edition applied a frozenpolicy scenario, projecting greenhouse gas emissions, energy production, and consumption to 2035 under the assumption that no additional national or EU climateenergy measures are introduced beyond those already decided before 1 January 2023. This provides a transparent baseline for identifying gaps between current trajectories and climate goals, and a consistent reference point for testing the impact of potential new measures.

The analysis also underpinned Denmark’s statutory LongTerm Transmission Expansion Forecast, guiding strategic investment planning for the electricity grid to ensure reliable integration of renewable energy. These assessments form part of an annual policy cycle designed to monitor progress, identify shortfalls, and steer the development of new climate and energy measures.

The work was supported by Denmark’s national TIMESDenmark model, which provided a detailed and integrated representation of the country’s energy system. This modelling capability enabled robust scenario analysis to quantify the implications of current policies and explore the system impacts of potential new measures.